fig18

Robotic-assisted approach for complex cholecystectomies

Figure 18. Confirmation of closure of the cholecystoduodenal fistula. (A) Intraoperative cholangiogram showed no leakage of bile from the duodenum; (B and C) ICG was used to confirm the absence of bile leakage accumulation in the operative field from the GB mucosa patch (black arrows) on the duodenum.

Mini-invasive Surgery
ISSN 2574-1225 (Online)
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